Refusals to deal
Contents
Place in the Framework
Refusal-to-deal doctrine addresses when a monopolist's decision not to cooperate with rivals can become exclusionary conduct.
Core Questions
- Did the defendant terminate a prior voluntary and profitable course of dealing?
- Did the refusal sacrifice short-term profits to exclude a rival?
- Does the requested duty to deal risk chilling legitimate competition or investment?
Working Notes
Add notes here on the narrow scope of unilateral refusal-to-deal liability and the leading cases defining its limits.