Section 1
Contents
Place in the Framework
Section 1 targets contracts, combinations, and conspiracies in restraint of trade, making agreement the central political and doctrinal threshold.
Core Questions
- What political concerns motivated the prohibition on concerted restraints?
- How did Congress and courts understand restraints of trade?
- Why does Section 1 require agreement rather than reaching all harmful market conduct?
Working Notes
Add notes here on legislative history, anti-cartel politics, common-law background, and the institutional reasons courts developed limiting doctrines such as the rule of reason.